Study Notes - Mercury [English]

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The hot and hasty Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. Just and average of 57,900,000 kilometers from Sun. Mercury hurtles around its parent star at a breakneck 170,000 km per hour. If it went any slower, Sun's massive gravitational pull would drag it to blazing Sun. Mercury is only one fifth as bright as Venus and because it stays close to the seen from earth. Even after invention of telescope in the seventeen century, Mercury remained relatively unknown. Its smaller diameter 4900 km, only a third that of earth, and its closeness to the Sun's glare made it hard to see.

Mercury's orbit lies between the Sun and the orbit of Venus. Mercury has no known moons.

It is the second hottest plant after Venus. Mercury circles the Sun every 88 earth days at an average distance of 58 million km and takes 59 days to turns on its axis. It retains an ancient cratered surface that has changed little since the formation of solar system, making the planet of special interest to planetary scientists. Mercury was named from the fleetfooted messenger of the Gods in Roman mythology.

Mercury is the densest planet in the solar system, followed by Earth. Mercury is unusually dense because it is composed of a high percentage of metal. The metal is concentrated in a comparatively huge core, which accounts for nearly 75% of Mercury's diameter.

Mercury  is the closest planet to the Sun. It's scorching day time temperature reach up to 380o C. It has a most eccentric orbit among the 8 planets.


Mercury's dark side can plunge to minus 170o Cbecause there is no atmosphere to trap the heat.

Two space probes were sent to  Mercury by NASA, first being Mariner 10 in 1975-76 period. It mapped about 45% of Mercury's surface and collected data and information about surface features. It lost control after its fuel finished.
Technicians prepare MESSENGER for transfer to a hazardous processing facility

Second probe by NASA, Messenger was send on 3rd August 2004. It was completed 100% mapping in March 2013 and the probe continued its studies. On April 30, 2015, it crashed into Mercury. It crashed near the crater Janáček.

MAIN POINTS 


Revolution Period 88 Days
Rotation Period 58 Days
  • Smallest planet - Mercury
  • The planet nearest to the sun - Mercury
  • The fastest revolving planet - Mercury
  • The planet which is known as 'Roman God of Messenger' - Mercury
  • The planet without atmosphere - Mercury
  • The planet with low escape velocity - Mercury
  • The planet which is known as 'Will-O-the wisp' - Mercury
  • Second hottest planet in the solar system - Mercury
  • Second densest body in the solar system - Mercury
  • The first space craft to reach Mercury- Mariner 10 (USA, 1973)
  • The most cratered planet in the Solar System -Mercury
  • The first space craft orbital mission around Mercury- Messenger [On April 30, 2015, it crashed into Mercury]
  • The space craft complete 100% mapping of Mercury - Messenger [on March 2013] 


ഈ പോസ്റ്റ് മലയാളത്തിൽ വായിക്കാം Read this post in English

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